Care needs and self-care of elderly people living at home in a municipality of Bahia in the light of Orem's theory
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.28998/rpss.e02308013espAbstract
Introduction: The aging of the population poses new challenges to health systems. Chronic conditions associated with multimorbidity, frailty, and inability to function have led to deficits in self-care, limitations in the home, and limited access to services, further weakening health services. Objective: To understand the care and self-care needs of elderly people living at home in a municipality located in the state of Bahia in the light of Orem's Self-Care Theory. Methods: This is a qualitative, descriptive, and exploratory study conducted in 2021 with 16 caregivers of elderly people living at home, using a semi-structured interview technique. Data were categorized, subjected to Bardin content analysis,, and interpreted in light of the theoretical framework. Results: The elderly living at home were found to have high levels of incapacity for self-care, dependency, and different family arrangements for caregivers to support self-care with precarious support in performing this role, as well as limitations in self-care. The support and professional care provided by the Family Health Strategy team also showed weaknesses. Conclusions: Orem's General Theory of Self-Care makes it possible to comprehensively identify the demands and care needs of elderly people living at home and their caregivers to reorganize the network and provide interprofessional care in the Family Health Strategy. This text is the result of the Professional Master's Degree in Family Health (PROFSAÚDE).
Keywords: Elderly Health; Home care; Family Health Strategy; Self-care.
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