SUBLETHAL EFFECT OF TOXIC BAITS ON THE TEPHRITID FRUIT FLY PARASITOID Fopius arisanus (SONAN, 1932) (HYMENOPTERA: BRACONIDAE)

Autores/as

  • Simón Farah Agrarian University of Ecuador, Agrarian Sciences Faculty., Av. 25 de Julio, 090104, Guayaquil, Ecuador.
  • Marlon Obando Agrarian University of Ecuador, Agrarian Sciences Faculty., Av. 25 de Julio, 090104, Guayaquil, Ecuador.
  • Arturo Alvarado Agrarian University of Ecuador, Agrarian Sciences Faculty., Av. 25 de Julio, 090104, Guayaquil, Ecuador.
  • Edwin Hasang Agrarian University of Ecuador, Agrarian Sciences Faculty., Av. 25 de Julio, 090104, Guayaquil, Ecuador.
  • Luis Sánchez Instituto Nacional Autónomo de Investigaciones Agropecuarias (INIAP), Departamento Nacional de Protección Vegetal, Estación Experimental Litoral Sur, Yaguachi, Ecuador.
  • Valeria Pohlmann Universidade Federal de Pelotas
  • Diego Portalanza 4 Federal University of Santa Maria, Department of Physics, Climate Research Group, Av. Roraima, 1000, Santa Maria (RS), Brazil. 5 Agencia de Regulación y Control Fito y zoo sanitario (AGROCALIDAD). Av, paseo del parque bloque 3. Guayaquil, Ecuador.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.28998/rca.22.13881

Resumen

Fruit flies of the Tephritidae family are among the most important invasive crop pests that have wide repercussions since their latent phase, with economic losses and rigorous quarantine limitations imposed by many countries to avoid their entry. The biological control of fruit flies using parasitoids of the order Hymenoptera has received great attention and is considered a promising control method in the integrated management of tephritid pests. Diets for feeding parasitoids are of great importance and can vary from a simple sugar solution to nutritionally complete diets, but the effect of the type of sugar may vary among parasitoids. This study aimed to evaluate the lethal and sublethal effects of different toxic bait formulations on Fopius arisanus, a fruit fly parasitoid. A bioassay was carried out in a completely randomized design, with four replicates using descendants of F. arisanus (F1) parasitoids according to the following treatments: (T1) 3% Biofruit® + malathion; (T2) 7% sugarcane molasses + malathion; (T3) 7% sugarcane molasses + Spinosad; (T4) 3% Biofruit® + Spinosad; (T5) 3% Biofruit®; (T6) 7% sugarcane molasses; (T7) commercial bait (Success® 0.02 CB); and (T8) honey (80%). The mortality rate did not reach more than 50%. In cages, the offer of treatments and the experimental conditions were the same as described in the bioassay on the effect of toxic baits on F. arisanus. In the F1 generation of the toxic bait bioassay for the control of fruit flies on F. arisanus, the parasitism percentage among treatments with offspring did not show any significant differences. Therefore, the sublethal effect of different pesticides on an organism depends on several factors, such as type of formulation, doses, ways in which the insect was exposed, and development stage.

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Publicado

2024-04-15

Número

Sección

Proteção de Plantas